How CIS really works, and where the money goes missing.
Why so many builders are owed a refund
CIS takes 20% from your first pound of labour. It knows nothing about your personal allowance or your expenses. Your real tax bill is worked out on profit, after both, so the deductions often add up to more than you owe.
Example£30,000 of labour, £6,000 deducted. After £8,000 of van, tools and other costs, profit is £22,000. Tax and National Insurance on that is roughly £2,400, so around £3,600 comes back. (Scottish taxpayer, no other income.)
Check your statements
Contractors must give you a payment and deduction statement by the 19th of each month for the month before. Keep every one. A missing statement, or tax taken off materials, is far easier to fix now than at the end of the year.
What you can claim
Your van (as mileage, or running costs plus capital allowances), fuel, tools and equipment, protective clothing and boots, phone, public liability insurance, CSCS cards and training, and travel to temporary sites. Everyday clothes, and the commute to a permanent base, don’t count.
Gross payment status
Get paid in full with nothing deducted. You’ll need construction turnover of at least £30,000 a year, not counting VAT and materials, a business bank account, and a record of filing and paying on time. The catch: you pay your own tax in January, so you need to set money aside.
Payments on account usually don’t apply
If at least 80% of your tax is already covered by CIS deductions, HMRC doesn’t ask for payments in advance. That changes if you move to gross payment, which is when budgeting really matters.
The VAT reverse charge
If you’re VAT registered and work for a VAT-registered contractor, you usually don’t charge them VAT on CIS work. They account for it instead. Your invoices need the right wording, and getting it wrong causes headaches for both of you.
General guidance for the 2026/27 tax year, not advice for your situation. Ask us before acting on it.